What to know about female-to-male surgery

Female-to-male surgery is a type of sex Change surgery, also known as gender confirmation surgery or gender confirmation surgery.

It can take various forms, including removing the breasts - a mast - and alteration of the genital area, which is known as "down" surgery.

Examples of surgery below include:

• Removal of the uterus, known as a hysterectomy
• Removing the vagina, known as vaginum
• Penis erection through metoidoplasty or phalloplasty
• In this article, we describe female-to-male gender-affirming surgery. We also discuss recovery and what to expect from a transgender gender.

Surgery

Before having female-to-male gender-affirming surgery, a person will receive testosterone replacement therapy.

They can then undergo one or more types of processes.

Reorganization of chest
A person undergoing surgery for a transition from female to male usually has a subcutaneous mystique to remove breast tissue. The surgeon will also change the appearance and position of the nipples.

Meanwhile, testosterone therapy will stimulate the growth of chest hair.

Removal of the uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes
A person may want to undergo this type of surgery if they become uncomfortable if they do not stop menstruating the uterus, ovaries, or fallopian tubes, or if hormone therapy can stop menstruation.

In a partial hysterectomy, a surgeon will only remove the uterus.

In total hysterectomy, they will also remove the cervix.

A bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy or BSO involves removal of the right and left fallopian tubes and ovaries.

Metoidioplasty
A metoidoplasty is a method of creating a new penis, or neopenis.

It involves turning the clitoris into a penis. For this purpose, a person will receive hormone therapy before surgery to enlarge the clitoris.

During the procedure, the surgeon also removes the vagina in the vagina.

In addition, they lengthen the urethra and position it through the eunuch. To achieve elongation, the surgeon uses tissues from the cheek, labia minora, or other parts of the vagina. Its purpose is to allow the person to urinate while standing.

Another option is a centurion procedure, in which round ligaments under the clitoris are changed to increase the girth of the penis.

Metoidioplasty usually takes 2–5 hours. After initial surgery, additional procedures may be necessary.

A Centurion process takes about 2.5 hours, and removal of female reproductive organs will increase this time.

One advantage of a metiodioplasty is that neopenis may form a column, due to the clotting abilities of the clitoris tissue.

However, a neopenis resulting from a metophioplasty is often too small for penetrative sex.
Phalloplasty
A falloplasty uses grafted skin - usually from the arm, thigh, back, or abdomen - to create a neopenis. Physicians consider it the best option for skin formation from the anterior part of the skin.

Compared to metoidoplasty, a phalloplasty results in a larger penis. However, this impotence cannot be self-inflicted.

After the recovery period, a person may undergo a penile transplant. This may allow them to receive and maintain erections and to have penetrating sex.

During a falloplasty, the surgeon performs a vaginal function and lengthens the urethra to allow urine to pass through the penis.


Disadvantages of a phalloplasty include the number of surgical visits and revisions that may be necessary, as well as the cost, which is usually higher than a metoidoplasty.